Prescription medications are generally divided into two categories: controlled and non-controlled substances. This distinction depends on the medication's potential for misuse or dependence, which means some medications are more strictly regulated than others.
Non-Controlled Substances
Non-controlled medications are generally prescribed for common conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, bacterial infections, and certain allergies. These medications are typically considered safe for general use under a healthcare provider's guidance and carry a lower risk of misuse or dependence.
Examples include antibiotics for bacterial infections, antihistamines for allergies, statins for managing cholesterol levels, and antihypertensives for controlling high blood pressure. These medications can be prescribed without special permissions, and refills are usually straightforward to process.
Controlled Substances
Controlled medications are regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) under the Controlled Substances Act. These medications carry a higher risk of misuse or dependence, so their prescribing and use are closely monitored.
Common examples of controlled medications include drugs prescribed for ADHD, like Adderall, Vyvanse, and Ritalin, as well as drugs often used in gender-affirming care, like testosterone.
Prescribing, dispensing, and managing controlled medications require extra precautions. Providers and medical practices often need special certifications or permissions to prescribe these medications. Prescriptions are also subject to stricter regulations, including limits on quantity and rules for refills.