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Controlled vs. non-controlled substances

Learn the differences between controlled substances and non-controlled substances.

Updated over a week ago

Prescription medications fall into two categories: controlled and non-controlled substances. This distinction depends on the medication's potential for misuse or dependence, government regulations, and refill limits. Circle Medical follows all federal and state regulations for prescribing both types of medications.

Controlled substances

Controlled substances are regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) under the Controlled Substances Act because they carry a higher risk of misuse or dependence. Their use is closely monitored and requires a written prescription from a licensed provider.

Common examples include:

  • ADHD medications (e.g., Adderall, Vyvanse, and Ritalin)

  • Testosterone (often used in gender-affirming care)

  • Benzodiazepines (for anxiety, e.g., Xanax, Ativan)


Non-controlled substances

Non-controlled medications carry a lower risk of misuse or dependence. They are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are typically prescribed for common conditions.

Common examples include:

  • Antibiotics for bacterial infections

  • Antihistamines for allergies

  • Statins for managing cholesterol levels

  • Blood pressure medications (antihypertensives)

Some non-controlled medications are available over the counter, while others require a prescription. Refills may be authorized by your provider without an appointment, depending on your medical needs.


Important reminders for controlled substances

Prescribing, dispensing, and managing controlled medications require extra precautions.

  • All controlled substances require a written prescription from a licensed provider.

  • Some have no refills and require monthly appointments for a new prescription.

  • Your provider will regularly review your treatment to make sure it's working well for you.


Need additional support?

If you have questions about your specific medication, chat in via the Circle Medical app or web portal. Our Patient Care Advocates (PCAs) are here to help!

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